← Chapter 11
English Composition · Chapter 11

The Calibration Bench

This is passes six and seven of the eight-pass edit: is every claim stated exactly as strongly as the source supports it, and is the register formal rather than inflated. Read the evidence card, then build the sentence — choose the reporting verb, add or remove hedges, try an intensifier, switch the register. The ladder shows where your evidence reaches and where your sentence just claimed.
1 · Reporting verb
2 · Hedges — each one narrows the claim
3 · Intensifiers — each one inflates it
4 · Register
Verbs sit on a ladder of strength. Choose the rung your source actually reached. A single correlational study does not prove anything, and writing that it does is a factual error dressed up as a style choice.
Your sentence
The certainty ladder
Calibration
Move the verb slider and watch the two markers on the ladder. Gold is how far the evidence reaches. Teal is how far your sentence just went. The whole job is getting them onto the same rung.