Chapter 2 — The Chemical Level of Organization

Pick an element. Watch its protons, neutrons, and electron shells come together.

Ionic, covalent, and hydrogen bonds. See atoms give and share electrons.

Synthesis, decomposition, and exchange. See how an enzyme lowers the energy hill.

See how water's uneven charge dissolves salt, makes water stick together, and soaks up heat.

Push the pH up and down. Watch the H⁺ ions shift, and see a buffer fight the change.

Build carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids from their small parts.